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- Molecules, Vol. 18, Pages 354-372: Schizandrin Protects Primary Rat Cortical Cell Cultures from Glutamate-Induced Apoptosis by Inhibiting Activation of the MAPK Family and the Mitochondria Dependent Pathway
- Molecules, Vol. 18, Pages 322-353: Molecular Mechanism Underlying Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Allergic Activities of Phytochemicals: An Update
- Molecules, Vol. 18, Pages 311-321: Anthraquinones of the Roots of Pentas micrantha
- Molecules, Vol. 18, Pages 287-310: Chiral Peptide Nucleic Acids with a Substituent in the N-(2-Aminoethy)glycine Backbone
- Sustainability, Vol. 5, Pages 52-71: Climate and Food Production: Understanding Vulnerability from Past Trends in Africa’s Sudan-Sahel
- Molecules, Vol. 18, Pages 276-286: Unexpected Behavior of Enaminones: Interesting New Routes to 1,6-Naphthyridines, 2-Oxopyrrolidines and Pyrano[4,3,2-de][1,6]naphthyridines
- Molecules, Vol. 18, Pages 263-275: Proteomic and Functional Analyses Reveal MAPK1 Regulates Milk Protein Synthesis
- Molecules, Vol. 18, Pages 244-262: Characterization of Flavonoids and Naphthopyranones in Methanol Extracts of Paepalanthus chiquitensis Herzog by HPLC-ESI-IT-MSn and Their Mutagenic Activity
- Sustainability, Vol. 5, Pages 1-51: 2050 Scenarios for Long-Haul Tourism in the Evolving Global Climate Change Regime
- Molecules, Vol. 18, Pages 236-243: 4862F, a New Inhibitor of HIV-1 Protease, from the Culture of Streptomyces I03A-04862
- Molecules, Vol. 18, Pages 225-235: Supramolecular Ring Structures of 7-Methylguanine: A Computational Study of Its Self-assembly and Anion Binding
- Marine Drugs, Vol. 11, Pages 33-39: Isolation, Characterization, and Bioactivity Evaluation of 3-((6-Methylpyrazin-2-yl)methyl)-1H-indole, a New Alkaloid from a Deep-Sea-Derived Actinomycete Serinicoccus profundi sp. nov.
- Sensors, Vol. 13, Pages 455-462: Deposition of Bacteriorhodopsin Protein in a Purple Membrane Form on Nitrocellulose Membranes for Enhanced Photoelectric Response
- MathMagic Pro for InDesign 8.21 - Equation editor for Adobe InDesign.. (Demo)
- CoverFlow11 1.0 - Easily control iTunes.. (Free)
- CoverFlow11 1.0 - Easily control iTunes.. (Free)
- Sensors, Vol. 13, Pages 426-454: Self-Organized Multi-Camera Network for a Fast and Easy Deployment of Ubiquitous Robots in Unknown Environments
- Marine Drugs, Vol. 11, Pages 20-32: Nutritional and Chemical Composition and Antiviral Activity of Cultivated Seaweed Sargassum naozhouense Tseng et Lu 
- Sensors, Vol. 13, Pages 393-425: The Role of Advanced Sensing in Smart Cities
- Sensors, Vol. 13, Pages 375-392: An On-Time Power-Aware Scheduling Scheme for Medical Sensor SoC-Based WBAN Systems
| Posted: 27 Dec 2012 12:00 AM PST Glutamate-induced excitotoxicity has been implicated in a variety of neuronal degenerative disorders. In the present study, we investigated the possible neuroprotective effects of schizandrin against apoptosis of primary cultured rat cortical cells induced by glutamate. Glutamate (10 μM) administered for 24 h decreased the expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL protein, whereas increased the expression of Bax, Bak, apoptosis inducing factor (AIF), endonuclease G (Nodo G) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress of caspase-12. Pretreatment with schizandrin (100 μM) before glutamate treatment increased the Bcl-XL and Bcl-2 expression and decreased Bax, Bak, AIF, Nodo G and caspase-12 compared with those only treated with glutamate. Furthermore, glutamate-induced phosphorylation of JNK, p38 and ERK mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), and these effects were attenuated by schizandrin (100 μM) treatment. These results suggest that schizandrin possesses the neuroprotective effects. The molecular mechanisms of schizandrin against glutamate-induced apoptosis may involve the regulation of Bcl-2 family proteins expression, and ER stress through blocking the activation of JNK, ERK and p38 MAPK. |
| Posted: 27 Dec 2012 12:00 AM PST The resort worldwide to edible medicinal plants for medical care has increased significantly during the last few years. Currently, there is a renewed interest in the search for new phytochemicals that could be developed as useful anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic agents to reduce the risk of many diseases. The activation of nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-κB) has now been linked to a variety of inflammatory diseases, while data from numerous studies underline the importance of phytochemicals in inhibiting the pathway that activates this transcription factor. Moreover, the incidence of type I allergic disorders has been increasing worldwide, particularly, the hypersensitivity to food. Thus, a good number of plant products with anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activity have been documented, but very few of these compounds have reached clinical use and there is scant scientific evidence that could explain their mode of action. Therefore, this paper intends to review the most salient recent reports on the anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties of phytochemicals and the molecular mechanisms underlying these properties. |
| Molecules, Vol. 18, Pages 311-321: Anthraquinones of the Roots of Pentas micrantha Posted: 27 Dec 2012 12:00 AM PST Pentas micrantha is used in the East African indigenous medicine to treat malaria. In the first investigation of this plant, the crude methanol root extract showed moderate antiplasmodial activity against the W2- (3.37 μg/mL) and D6-strains (4.00 μg/mL) of Plasmodium falciparum and low cytotoxicity (>450 μg/mL, MCF-7 cell line). Chromatographic separation of the extract yielded nine anthraquinones, of which 5,6-dihydroxylucidin-11-O-methyl ether is new. Isolation of a munjistin derivative from the genus Pentas is reported here for the first time. The isolated constituents were identified by NMR and mass spectrometric techniques and showed low antiplasmodial activities. |
| Posted: 27 Dec 2012 12:00 AM PST A peptide nucleic acid (PNA) is a synthetic nucleic acid mimic in which the sugar-phosphate backbone is replaced by a peptide backbone. PNAs hybridize to complementary DNA and RNA with higher affinity and superior sequence selectivity compared to DNA. PNAs are resistant to nucleases and proteases and have a low affinity for proteins. These properties make PNAs an attractive agent for biological and medical applications. To improve the antisense and antigene properties of PNAs, many backbone modifications of PNAs have been explored under the concept of preorganization. This review focuses on chiral PNAs bearing a substituent in the N-(2-aminoethyl)glycine backbone. Syntheses, properties, and applications of chiral PNAs are described. |
| Posted: 27 Dec 2012 12:00 AM PST Just how influential is rainfall on agricultural production in the Sudan-Sahel of Africa? And, is there evidence that support for small-scale farming can reduce the vulnerability of crop yields to rainfall in these sensitive agro-ecological zones? These questions are explored based on a case study from Cameroon’s Sudan-Sahel region. Climate data for 20 years and crop production data for six major food crops for the same years are used to find patterns of correlation over this time period. Results show a distinction of three periods of climatic influence of agriculture: one period before 1989, another between 1990 and 1999 and the last from 2000 to 2004. The analysis reveals that, while important in setting the enabling biophysical environment for food crop cultivation, the influence of rainfall in agriculture can be diluted by proactive policies that support food production. Proactive policies also reduce the impact of agriculturally relevant climatic shocks, such as droughts on food crop yields over the time-series. These findings emphasize the extent of vulnerability of food crop production to rainfall variations among small-holder farmers in these agro-ecological zones and reinforce the call for the proactive engagement of relevant institutions and support services in assisting the efforts of small-scale food producers in Africa’s Sudan-Sahel. The implications of climate variability on agriculture are discussed within the context of food security with particular reference to Africa’s Sudan-Sahel. |
| Posted: 27 Dec 2012 12:00 AM PST Reaction of enaminones 1a–d with 2-aminoprop-1-ene-1,1,3-tricarbonitrile (2) in the presence of AcOH/NH4OAc afforded 7-amino-5-oxo-5,6-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-8-carbonitrile derivatives 9a–d. On the other hand, 2-aminopyrano[4,3,2-de] [1,6]naphthyridine-3-carbonitriles 20a–c,e were the only obtained products from the reactions of 1a–d with 2 in the presence of AcOH/NaOAc, while 1d afforded [3,5-bis-(4-chloro-benzoyl)-phenyl]-(4-chloro-phenyl)-methanone 21 under the same condition. The reaction of 2 with diethyl acetylenedicarboxylate in the presence of AcOH/NH4OAc afforded (4-cyano-5-dicyanomethylene-2-oxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)-acetic acid ethyl ester 15B. |
| Posted: 27 Dec 2012 12:00 AM PST L-Lysine (L-Lys) is an essential amino acid that plays fundamental roles in protein synthesis. Many nuclear phosphorylated proteins such as Stat5 and mTOR regulate milk protein synthesis. However, the details of milk protein synthesis control at the transcript and translational levels are not well known. In this current study, a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE)/MS-based proteomic technology was used to identify phosphoproteins responsible for milk protein synthesis in dairy cow mammary epithelial cells (DCMECs). The effect of L-Lys on DCMECs was analyzed by CASY technology and reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The results showed that cell proliferation ability and β-casein expression were enhanced in DCMECs treated with L-Lys. By phosphoproteomics analysis, six proteins, including MAPK1, were identified up-expressed in DCMECs treated with 1.2 mM L-Lys for 24 h, and were verified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot. Overexpression and siRNA inhibition of MAPK1 experiments showed that MAPK1 upregulated milk protein synthesis through Stat5 and mTOR pathway. These findings that MAPK1 involves in regulation of milk synthesis shed new insights for understanding the mechanisms of milk protein synthesis. |
| Posted: 27 Dec 2012 12:00 AM PST A HPLC-ESI-IT-MSn method, based on high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray negative ionization multistage ion trap mass spectrometry, was developed for rapid identification of 24 flavonoid and naphthopyranone compounds. The methanol extracts of the capitulae and scapes of P. chiquitensis exhibited mutagenic activity in the Salmonella/microsome assay, against strain TA97a. |
| Posted: 27 Dec 2012 12:00 AM PST Tourism and its “midwife”, aviation, are transnational sectors exposed to global uncertainties. This scenario-building exercise considers a specific subset of these uncertainties, namely the impact of the evolving global climate change regime on long-haul tourism (LHT), with a 2050 horizon. The basic problematique is that unconstrained growth in aviation emissions will not be compatible with 2050 climate stabilisation goals, and that the stringency and timing of public policy interventions could have far-reaching impacts—either on the market for future growth of LHT, or the natural ecosystem on which tourism depends. Following an intuitive-logic approach to scenario-building, three meta-level scenarios that can be regarded as “possible” futures for the evolution of LHT are described. Two of these, i.e., the “grim reaper” and the “fallen angel” scenarios, are undesirable. The “green lantern” scenario represents the desired future. Long-haul tourist destinations should heed the early warning signals identified in the scenario narratives, and contribute towards realising the desired future. They should further guard against being passive victims if the feared scenarios materialise, by adapting, repositioning early upon reading the signposts, hedging against risks, and seizing new opportunities. |
| Posted: 27 Dec 2012 12:00 AM PST We have isolated an extraordinary pentapeptide, called 4862F, from the culture broth of Streptomyces albosporus I03A-04862 by Diaion HP-20 macroporous adsorbent resin column, ODS-A and Sephadex LH-20 chromatography, followed by preparative HPLC. This peptide shows inhibitory activity against HIV-1 protease. The structure was elucidated by spectroscopic approaches, including ESI-MS and various NMR methods. Absolute configuration of the amino acid residues in 4862F was defined using Marfey’s method, and the structure was identified as N,N,N-(trimethylated)-Tyr-L-Leu-L-Val-L-Leu-(dehydrated)-His. The peptide 4862F displays inhibitory activity against HIV-1 protease, with IC50 values of 15.26 nM, using a fluorescence-based assay. |
| Posted: 27 Dec 2012 12:00 AM PST The density functional theory calculations of 7-methylguanine clusters revealed that stable ring assemblies can be formed with or without anions in the center position and hexameric clusters are the most stable and most planar ones. The coordination of anions (Cl−, Br−, NO3−) stabilizes and thus favors the formation of planar aggregates. We believe that the predicted planar structures stabilized by anions are good models for self-assembly structures formed at solid-liquid or solid-gas interfaces. Comparing the bonding and average H-bond energy to reference ribbon calculations we pointed out the presence of the previously introduced cooperativity effect in circular supramolecular structures of 7-methylguanine. |
| Posted: 27 Dec 2012 12:00 AM PST One new alkaloid, 3-((6-methylpyrazin-2-yl)methyl)-1H-indole (1) was obtained from the deep-sea actinomycete Serinicoccus profundi sp. nov., along with five known compounds (2–6). Their structures were determined on the basis of detailed analysis of the 1D and 2D NMR as well as MS data. The new indole alkaloid displayed weak antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 with an MIC value of 96 μg/mL. It showed no cytotoxicity on a normal human liver cell line (BEL7402) and a human liver tumor cell line (HL-7702). |
| Posted: 27 Dec 2012 12:00 AM PST Bacteriorhodopsin protein (bR)-based systems are one of the simplest known biological energy converters. The robust chemical, thermal and electrochemical properties of bR have made it an attractive material for photoelectric devices. This study demonstrates the photoelectric response of a dry bR layer deposited on a nitrocellulose membrane with indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes. Light-induced electrical current as well as potential and impedance changes of dried bR film were recorded as the function of illumination. We have also tested bR in solution and found that the electrical properties are strongly dependent on light intensity changing locally proton concentration and thus pH of the solution. Experimental data support the assumption that bR protein on a positively charged nitrocellulose membrane (PNM) can be used as highly sensitive photo- and pH detector. Here the bR layer facilitates proton translocation and acts as an ultrafast optoelectric signal transducer. It is therefore useful in applications related to bioelectronics, biosensors, bio-optics devices and current carrying junction devices. |
| MathMagic Pro for InDesign 8.21 - Equation editor for Adobe InDesign.. (Demo) Posted: 27 Dec 2012 02:54 AM PST  MathMagic Pro for InDesign is an equation editor mainly for use with Adobe InDesign software in editing any mathematical expressions and symbols with WYSIWYG interface and various powerful features. It lets you write or edit equations right inside the InDesign documents without going through export/import. The superior quality and productivity of MathMagic was accepted by many DTP professionals around the world. Version 8.21:
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| CoverFlow11 1.0 - Easily control iTunes.. (Free) Posted: 27 Dec 2012 02:34 AM PST  CoverFlow11 will bring CoverFlow back to you. CoverFlow11 will show all your albums in the CoverFlow way and you can explore your music collections just by scrolling the touchpad with two fingers or clicking the mouse. CoverFlow11 also provide you with easy access to controlling the iTunes. What's more, CoverFlow11 is in demo version and we want to listen to your ideas. It's highly possible that your idea will become the future cool features of CoverFlow11! Current features:
OS X 10.8 or later Download Now |
| CoverFlow11 1.0 - Easily control iTunes.. (Free) Posted: 27 Dec 2012 02:33 AM PST  CoverFlow11 will bring CoverFlow back to you. CoverFlow11 will show all your albums in the CoverFlow way and you can explore your music collections just by scrolling the touchpad with two fingers or clicking the mouse. CoverFlow11 also provide you with easy access to controlling the iTunes. What's more, CoverFlow11 is in demo version and we want to listen to your ideas. It's highly possible that your idea will become the future cool features of CoverFlow11! Current features: CoverFlow11 will load all your albums and show them in CoverFlow. You can scroll the touchpad or click with your mouse to explore all your albums. You can double click one album to make iTunes to play the album. You can single click one album to go through the song list of the album, and make iTunes play the song you like.(*Not implemented yet*) CoverFlow11 provides easy access to contolling the iTunes. Play/Pause current song. Pay next song. Play previous song. Change sound volumn. Right click the icon in the status bar to pop over the menu, from where you can open the preference window (*Not implement yet*) or quit CoverFlow11. OS X 10.8 or later Download Now |
| Posted: 27 Dec 2012 12:00 AM PST To bring cutting edge robotics from research centres to social environments, the robotics community must start providing affordable solutions: the costs must be reduced and the quality and usefulness of the robot services must be enhanced. Unfortunately, nowadays the deployment of robots and the adaptation of their services to new environments are tasks that usually require several days of expert work. With this in view, we present a multi-agent system made up of intelligent cameras and autonomous robots, which is easy and fast to deploy in different environments. The cameras will enhance the robot perceptions and allow them to react to situations that require their services. Additionally, the cameras will support the movement of the robots. This will enable our robots to navigate even when there are not maps available. The deployment of our system does not require expertise and can be done in a short period of time, since neither software nor hardware tuning is needed. Every system task is automatic, distributed and based on self-organization processes. Our system is scalable, robust, and flexible to the environment. We carried out several real world experiments, which show the good performance of our proposal. |
| Posted: 27 Dec 2012 12:00 AM PST Sargassum naozhouense is a brown seaweed used in folk medicine and applied for thousands of years in Zhanjiang, Guangdong province, China. This study is the first time to investigate its chemical composition and antiviral activity. On the dry weight basis, this seaweed was constituted of ca. 35.18% ash, 11.20% protein, 1.06% lipid and 47.73% total carbohydrate, and the main carbohydrate was water-soluble polysaccharide. The protein analysis indicated the presence of essential amino acids, which accounted for 36.35% of the protein. The most abundant fatty acids were C14:0, C16:0, C18:1 and C20:4. The ash fraction analysis indicated that essential minerals and trace elements, such as Fe, Zn and Cu, were present in the seaweed. IR analysis revealed that polysaccharides from cultivated S. naozhouense may be alginates and fucoidan. The polysaccharides possessed strong antiviral activity against HSV-1 in vitro with EC50 of 8.92 μg/mL. These results demonstrated cultivated S. naozhouense has a potential for its use in functional foods and antiviral new drugs. |
| Sensors, Vol. 13, Pages 393-425: The Role of Advanced Sensing in Smart Cities Posted: 27 Dec 2012 12:00 AM PST In a world where resources are scarce and urban areas consume the vast majority of these resources, it is vital to make cities greener and more sustainable. Advanced systems to improve and automate processes within a city will play a leading role in smart cities. From smart design of buildings, which capture rain water for later use, to intelligent control systems, which can monitor infrastructures autonomously, the possible improvements enabled by sensing technologies are immense. Ubiquitous sensing poses numerous challenges, which are of a technological or social nature. This paper presents an overview of the state of the art with regards to sensing in smart cities. Topics include sensing applications in smart cities, sensing platforms and technical challenges associated with these technologies. In an effort to provide a holistic view of how sensing technologies play a role in smart cities, a range of applications and technical challenges associated with these applications are discussed. As some of these applications and technologies belong to different disciplines, the material presented in this paper attempts to bridge these to provide a broad overview, which can be of help to researchers and developers in understanding how advanced sensing can play a role in smart cities. |
| Posted: 27 Dec 2012 12:00 AM PST The focus of many leading technologies in the field of medical sensor systems is on low power consumption and robust data transmission. For example, the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD), which is used to maintain the heart in a healthy state, requires a reliable wireless communication scheme with an extremely low duty-cycle, high bit rate, and energy-efficient media access protocols. Because such devices must be sustained for over 5 years without access to battery replacement, they must be designed to have extremely low power consumption in sleep mode. Here, an on-time, energy-efficient scheduling scheme is proposed that performs power adjustments to minimize the sleep-mode current. The novelty of this scheduler is that it increases the determinacy of power adjustment and the predictability of scheduling by employing non-pre-emptible dual priority scheduling. This predictable scheduling also guarantees the punctuality of important periodic tasks based on their serialization, by using their worst case execution time) and the power consumption optimization. The scheduler was embedded into a system on chip (SoC) developed to support the wireless body area network—a wakeup-radio and wakeup-timer for implantable medical devices. This scheduling system is validated by the experimental results of its performance when used with life-time extensions of ICD devices. |
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