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- Energies, Vol. 5, Pages 561-576: Optimization of Agitation and Aeration for Very High Gravity Ethanol Fermentation from Sweet Sorghum Juice by Saccharomyces cerevisiae Using an Orthogonal Array Design
- IJMS, Vol. 13, Pages 2727-2743: Synthesis and Characterization of Privileged Monodentate Phosphoramidite Ligands and Chiral Brønsted Acids Derived from D-Mannitol
- Membranes, Vol. 2, Pages 118-133: Mechanisms of Membrane Curvature Generation in Membrane Traffic
- Molbank, Vol. 2012, Pages M750: 4-[(2-Hydroxy-4-pentadecylbenzylidene)amino]-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one
- A Better Finder Rename 9.0 - File, photo, and MP3 batch renamer.. (Shareware)
- IJMS, Vol. 13, Pages 2717-2726: Molecular Mechanisms of (R,R)ZX-5 on NO Synthesis and Its Anti-Angiogenic Effect
- Micromachines, Vol. 3, Pages 126-136: Multi-Input Multi-Output Integrated Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite for Energy Controls
- Micromachines, Vol. 3, Pages 114-125: Integrated Biophotonics with CYTOP
- Sensors, Vol. 12, Pages 2693-2709: Distributed Coding/Decoding Complexity in Video Sensor Networks
- JFB, Vol. 3, Pages 143-162: Anabolic Actions of the Regenerative Agent Enamel Matrix Derivative (EMD) in Oral Periosteal Fibroblasts and MG 63 Osteoblasts, Modulation by Nicotine and Glutathione in a Redox Environment
- Molecules, Vol. 17, Pages 2446-2463: Oligonucleotide-Templated Reactions for Sensing Nucleic Acids
- Nanomaterials, Vol. 2, Pages 65-78: Wettability of Y2O3: A Relative Analysis of Thermally Oxidized, Reactively Sputtered and Template Assisted Nanostructured Coatings
- IJMS, Vol. 13, Pages 2707-2716: Major Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidant Capacity and Antidiabetic Potential of Rice Bean (Vigna umbellata L.) in China
- Polymers, Vol. 4, Pages 741-746: Kinetics of Model Reactions for Interfacial Polymerization
- Polymers, Vol. 4, Pages 710-740: Papain Catalyzed (co)Oligomerization of α-Amino Acids
- Microcraft Screens
- Map symbol Quiz Screens
- Loser Drinks Screens
- Kim Kardashian Dress Up Screens
- Jelly Links Screens
| Posted: 29 Feb 2012 12:00 AM PST Optimization of three parameters: agitation rate (A; 100, 200 and 300 rpm), aeration rate (B; 0.5, 1.5 and 2.5 vvm) and aeration timing (C; 2, 4 and 6 h), for ethanol production from sweet sorghum juice under very high gravity (VHG, 290 g L−1 of total sugar) conditions by Saccharomyces cerevisiae NP 01 was attempted using an L9 (34) orthogonal array design. The fermentation was carried out at 30 °C in a 2-L bioreactor and the initial yeast cell concentration was approximately 2 × 107 cells mL−1. The results showed that the optimum condition for ethanol fermentation should be A2B3C2 corresponding to agitation rate, 200 rpm; aeration rate, 2.5 vvm and aeration timing, 4 h. The verification experiments under the optimum condition clearly indicated that the aeration and agitation strategies improved ethanol production. The ethanol concentration (P), productivity (Qp) and ethanol yield (Yp/s) were 132.82 ± 1.06 g L−1, 2.55 ± 0.00 g L−1h−1 and 0.50 ± 0.00, respectively. Under the same condition without aeration (agitation rate at 200 rpm), P and Qp were only 118.02 ± 1.19 g L−1 and 2.19 ± 0.04 g L−1h−1, respectively while Yp/s was not different from that under the optimum condition. |
| Posted: 29 Feb 2012 12:00 AM PST The synthesis of several novel chiral phosphoramidite ligands (L1–L8) with C2 symmetric, pseudo C2 symmetric secondary amines and chiral Brønsted acids 1a,b has been achieved. These chiral auxiliaries were obtained from commercially available d-mannitol, and secondary amines in moderate to excellent yields. Excellent diastereoselectivites of ten chiral auxiliaries were obtained. The chiral phosphoramidite ligands and chiral Brønsted acids were fully characterized by spectroscopic methods. |
| Membranes, Vol. 2, Pages 118-133: Mechanisms of Membrane Curvature Generation in Membrane Traffic Posted: 29 Feb 2012 12:00 AM PST During the vesicular trafficking process, cellular membranes undergo dynamic morphological changes, in particular at the vesicle generation and fusion steps. Changes in membrane shape are regulated by small GTPases, coat proteins and other accessory proteins, such as BAR domain-containing proteins. In addition, membrane deformation entails changes in the lipid composition as well as asymmetric distribution of lipids over the two leaflets of the membrane bilayer. Given that P4-ATPases, which catalyze unidirectional flipping of lipid molecules from the exoplasmic to the cytoplasmic leaflets of the bilayer, are crucial for the trafficking of proteins in the secretory and endocytic pathways, changes in the lipid composition are involved in the vesicular trafficking process. Membrane remodeling is under complex regulation that involves the composition and distribution of lipids as well as assembly of proteins. |
| Posted: 29 Feb 2012 12:00 AM PST Novel 4-[(2-hydroxy-4-pentadecylbenzylidene)amino]-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one was prepared via condensation of 2-hydroxy-4-pentadecylbenzaldehyde (1) with 4-amino-1,2-dihydro-2,3-dimethyl-1-phenylpyrazol-5-one (2) in ethanol/acetic acid under reflux. The structure of the synthesized compound was assigned on the basis of elemental analysis and spectral data. |
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| Posted: 29 Feb 2012 12:00 AM PST (R,R)ZX-5 is a NO regulatory compound, which could significantly increase choroidal blood flow in New Zealand rabbit. The aim of this paper is to investigate the molecular mechanism of (R,R)ZX-5 promoting NO production. Besides this, we also investigated the antiangiogenic activity of (R,R)ZX-5. Analysis of Western blot showed that (R,R)ZX-5 up-regulated the expression of Akt, p-Akt (Thr473), eNOS and p-eNOS (Ser1177), down-regulated the expression of Cyclin D1 in human retinal endothelial cells and escalated the intracellular free Ca2+ concentration. Additionally, (R,R)ZX-5 inhibited the growth of blood vessels in the chick chorioallantoic membrane model. It is concluded that (R,R)ZX-5 promotes choroidal blood flow through PI3K/Akt-eNOS and Akt-Ca2+-eNOS pathways. Additionally, (R,R)ZX-5 can inhibit angiogenesis. |
| Posted: 29 Feb 2012 12:00 AM PST This paper presents an integrated sensor/actuator device with multi-input and multi-output designed on the basis of a standard control representation called a distributed port-Hamiltonian system. The device is made from soft material called an ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC). The IPMC consists of a base film of a polyelectrolyte gel and a double layer of plated metal electrodes. The electrodes of the experimental IPMC are sectioned, and it is implemented as a control system with four pairs of inputs/outputs. We stabilize the system, and detect changes in dynamics by using the control representation. |
| Micromachines, Vol. 3, Pages 114-125: Integrated Biophotonics with CYTOP Posted: 29 Feb 2012 12:00 AM PST We describe how the amorphous fluoropolymer CYTOP can be advantageously used as a waveguide cladding material in integrated optical circuits suitable for applications in integrated biophotonics. The unique refractive index of CYTOP (n = 1.34) enables the cladding material to be well index-matched to an optically probed sample solution. Furthermore, ultra-high index contrast waveguides can be fabricated, using conventional optical polymers as waveguide core materials, offering a route to large-scale integration of optical functions on a single chip. We discuss applications of this platform to evanescent-wave excitation fluorescence microscopy, passive and/or thermo-electrically-controlled on-chip light manipulation, on-chip light generation, and direct integration with microfluidic circuits through low-temperature bonding. |
| Sensors, Vol. 12, Pages 2693-2709: Distributed Coding/Decoding Complexity in Video Sensor Networks Posted: 29 Feb 2012 12:00 AM PST Video Sensor Networks (VSNs) are recent communication infrastructures used to capture and transmit dense visual information from an application context. In such large scale environments which include video coding, transmission and display/storage, there are several open problems to overcome in practical implementations. This paper addresses the most relevant challenges posed by VSNs, namely stringent bandwidth usage and processing time/power constraints. In particular, the paper proposes a novel VSN architecture where large sets of visual sensors with embedded processors are used for compression and transmission of coded streams to gateways, which in turn transrate the incoming streams and adapt them to the variable complexity requirements of both the sensor encoders and end-user decoder terminals. Such gateways provide real-time transcoding functionalities for bandwidth adaptation and coding/decoding complexity distribution by transferring the most complex video encoding/decoding tasks to the transcoding gateway at the expense of a limited increase in bit rate. Then, a method to reduce the decoding complexity, suitable for system-on-chip implementation, is proposed to operate at the transcoding gateway whenever decoders with constrained resources are targeted. The results show that the proposed method achieves good performance and its inclusion into the VSN infrastructure provides an additional level of complexity control functionality. |
| Posted: 29 Feb 2012 12:00 AM PST Our study seeks to explore anabolic effects of a periodontal regenerative agent enamel matrix derivative (EMD). Its modulation by nicotine and the anti-oxidant glutathione (GSH) are investigated in human periosteal fibroblasts (HPF) and MG63 osteoblasts. Androgen biomarkers of oxidative stress and healing, resulting from radiolabeled androgen substrates are assayed. This in vitro model simulates a redox environment relevant to the periodontal lesion. It aims to confirm the hypothesis that EMD is an effective regenerative agent in a typically redox environment of the periodontal lesion. Monolayer cultures of MG63 osteoblasts and HPF established in culture medium are incubated with androgen substrates, and optimal concentrations of EMD, nicotine and GSH, alone and in combination. EMD significantly enhances yields of 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) an effective bioactive metabolite, alone and in combination with GSH, to overcome oxidative effects of nicotine across cultures. The 'in vitro' findings of this study could be extrapolated to "in vivo" applications of EMD as an adjunctive regenerative therapeutic agent in an environment of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. Increased yields of DHT implicated in matrix synthesis and direct antioxidant capacity, confirm the potential applications for enamel matrix derivative in periodontal regenerative procedures. |
| Molecules, Vol. 17, Pages 2446-2463: Oligonucleotide-Templated Reactions for Sensing Nucleic Acids Posted: 29 Feb 2012 12:00 AM PST Oligonucleotide-templated reactions are useful for applying nucleic acid sensing. Various chemistries for oligonucleotide-templated reaction have been reported so far. Major scientific interests are focused on the development of signal amplification systems and signal generation systems. We introduce the recent advances of oligonucleotide-templated reaction in consideration of the above two points. |
| Posted: 29 Feb 2012 12:00 AM PST The wettability of reactively sputtered Y2O3, thermally oxidized Y-Y2O3 and Cd-CdO template assisted Y2O3 coatings has been studied. The wettability of as-deposited Y2O3 coatings was determined by contact angle measurements. The water contact angles for reactively sputtered, thermally oxidized and template assisted Y2O3 nanostructured coatings were 99°, 117° and 155°, respectively. The average surface roughness values of reactively sputtered, thermally oxidized and template assisted Y2O3 coatings were determined by using atomic force microscopy and the corresponding values were 3, 11 and 180 nm, respectively. The low contact angle of the sputter deposited Y2O3 and thermally oxidized Y-Y2O3 coatings is attributed to a densely packed nano-grain like microstructure without any void space, leading to low surface roughness. A water droplet on such surfaces is mostly in contact with a solid surface relative to a void space, leading to a hydrophobic surface (low contact angle). Surface roughness is a crucial factor for the fabrication of a superhydrophobic surface. For Y2O3 coatings, the surface roughness was improved by depositing a thin film of Y2O3 on the Cd-CdO template (average roughness = 178 nm), which resulted in a contact angle greater than 150°. The work of adhesion of water was very high for the reactively sputtered Y2O3 (54 mJ/m2) and thermally oxidized Y-Y2O3 coatings (43 mJ/m2) compared to the Cd-CdO template assisted Y2O3 coating (7 mJ/m2). |
| Posted: 29 Feb 2012 12:00 AM PST Interest in edible beans as nutraceuticals is increasing. In the present study, the individual phenolic acids, the total phenolic content (TPC), the total flavonoid content (TFC), and the antioxidant and antidiabetic potential of 13 varieties of rice beans from China were investigated. Eight phenolic compounds (catechin, epicatechin, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, vitexin, isovitexin, sinapic acid, quercetin) were analyzed on an ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) mass spectrometry (MS) system. The rice bean varieties had significant differences in total phenolic compounds (ranging from 123.09 ± 10.35 to 843.75 ± 30.15 μg/g), in TPC (ranging from 3.27 ± 0.04 to 6.43 ± 0.25 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g), in TFC (ranging from 55.95 ± 11.16 to 320.39 ± 31.77 mg catechin (CE)/g), in antioxidant activity (ranging from 39.87 ± 1.37 to 46.40 ± 2.18 μM·TE/g), in α-glucosidase inhibition activity (ranging from 44.32 ± 2.12 to 68.71 ± 2.19) and in advanced glycation end products formation inhibition activity (ranging from 34.11 ± 0.59 to 75.75 ± 0.33). This study is the first report on phytochemistry and biological activities in rice beans. |
| Polymers, Vol. 4, Pages 741-746: Kinetics of Model Reactions for Interfacial Polymerization Posted: 29 Feb 2012 12:00 AM PST To model the rates of interfacial polycondensations, the rates of reaction of benzoyl chloride and methyl chloroformate with various aliphatic monoamines in acetonitrile were determined at 25 °C. Buffering with picric acid slowed these extremely fast reactions so the rate constants could be determined from the rate of disappearance of picrate ion. The rates of the amine reactions correlated linearly with their Swain-Scott nucleophilicities. |
| Polymers, Vol. 4, Pages 710-740: Papain Catalyzed (co)Oligomerization of α-Amino Acids Posted: 29 Feb 2012 12:00 AM PST Four hydrophobic amino acids (Leu, Tyr, Phe, Trp) were oligomerized by the protease papain in homo-oligomerization, binary co-oligomerization and ternary co-oligomerization. After 24 h, solid polydisperse reaction products of the homo-oligomerization were obtained in yields ranging from 30–80% by weight. A DPavg was calculated based on MALDI-ToF MS results using the ion counts for the chains in the product. Based on the DPavg and the yield of the homo-oligomerization it was determined that the amino acids can be ranked according to reactivity in the order: Tyr > Leu > Phe > Trp. Thermal degradation of the homo-oligomers shows two degradation steps: at 178–239 °C and at 300–330 °C. All the products left a significant amount of char ranging from 18–57% by weight at 800 °C. Binary co-oligomers were obtained as a polydisperse precipitate with a compositional distribution of the chains. Both the compositional and chain length distribution are calculated from MALDI-ToF mass spectra. By comparing the amount of each amino acid present in the chains it was determined that the amino acids are incorporated with a preference: Leu > Tyr > Phe > Trp. Ternary co-oligomers were also obtained as a precipitate and analyzed by MALDI-ToF MS. The compositional distribution and the chain length distribution were calculated from the MALDI-ToF data. The quantity of every amino acid in the chains was determined. Also determined was the influence on the DPavg when the oligomers were compared with corresponding binary co-oligomers. From the combined results it was concluded that in the co-oligomerization of three amino acids the reactivity preference is Leu > Tyr > Phe > Trp. Thermal degradation of all the co-oligomers showed a weight loss of 2 wt% before the main oligomer degradation step at 300–325 °C. |
| Posted: 29 Feb 2012 12:45 AM PST 5 new shots posted.
Get the full article at GameSpot "Microcraft Screens" was posted on Wed, 29 Feb 2012 00:45:22 -0800 |
| Posted: 29 Feb 2012 12:45 AM PST 5 new shots posted.
Get the full article at GameSpot "Map symbol Quiz Screens" was posted on Wed, 29 Feb 2012 00:45:18 -0800 |
| Posted: 29 Feb 2012 12:45 AM PST 4 new shots posted.
Get the full article at GameSpot "Loser Drinks Screens" was posted on Wed, 29 Feb 2012 00:45:13 -0800 |
| Kim Kardashian Dress Up Screens Posted: 29 Feb 2012 12:45 AM PST 5 new shots posted.
Get the full article at GameSpot "Kim Kardashian Dress Up Screens" was posted on Wed, 29 Feb 2012 00:45:10 -0800 |
| Posted: 29 Feb 2012 12:45 AM PST 5 new shots posted.
Get the full article at GameSpot "Jelly Links Screens" was posted on Wed, 29 Feb 2012 00:45:02 -0800 |
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