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- Pharmaceutics, Vol. 3, Pages 275-306: Semi-solid Sucrose Stearate-Based Emulsions as Dermal Drug Delivery Systems
- Molbank, Vol. 2011, Pages M728: 8-[2-Chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo-[3,4-c][1,4]benzoxazin-1-one
- Junk helicopter
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- Game Space Pips : 30/05/2011
- Game Borsuk Quest : 30/05/2011
- Game Shell game : 30/05/2011
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- Game Jewels game : 30/05/2011
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- Game Lunar lander : 30/05/2011
- Game SAS - Zombie Assault : 30/05/2011
- Game Promnesiac : 30/05/2011
- Game Magic square : 30/05/2011
- Game RhythmWorld : 30/05/2011
- Game Frogger : 30/05/2011
Posted: 30 May 2011 12:00 AM PDT Mild non-ionic sucrose ester surfactants can be employed to produce lipid-based drug delivery systems for dermal application. Moreover, sucrose esters of intermediate lipophilicity such as sucrose stearate S-970 possess a peculiar rheological behavior which can be employed to create highly viscous semi-solid formulations without any further additives. Interestingly, it was possible to develop both viscous macroemulsions and fluid nanoemulsions with the same chemical composition merely by slight alteration of the production process. Optical light microscopy and cryo transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the sucrose ester led to the formation of an astonishing hydrophilic network at a concentration of only 5% w/w in the macroemulsion system. A small number of more finely structured aggregates composed of surplus surfactant were likewise detected in the nanoemulsions. These discoveries offer interesting possibilities to adapt the low viscosity of fluid O/W nanoemulsions for a more convenient application. Moreover, a simple and rapid production method for skin-friendly creamy O/W emulsions with excellent visual long-term stability is presented. It could be shown by franz-cell diffusion studies and in vitro tape stripping that the microviscosity within the semi-solid formulations was apparently not influenced by their increased macroviscosity: the release of three model drugs was not impaired by the complex network-like internal structure of the macroemulsions. These results indicate that the developed semi-solid emulsions with advantageous application properties are highly suitable for the unhindered delivery of lipophilic drugs despite their comparatively large particle size and high viscosity. |
Posted: 30 May 2011 12:00 AM PDT 8-Bromo-4H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[3,4-c][1,4]benzoxazin-1-one 1 (NS2028) reacts with [2-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]boronic acid 2 (2 equiv), Pd(OAc)2 (10 mol%) and KOAc (4 equiv) in acetonitrile heated to ca. 110 °C (sealed tube) for 12 hours to give 8-[2-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[3,4-c][1,4]benzoxazin-1-one 4 in 64% yield. |
Posted: 29 May 2011 09:06 PM PDT Joseph Omwoyo, a 17 year old student in rural Kenya, started building this junk helicopter after visiting an airport; he hopes to be an aviation engineer some day. He should hook up with the Kenyan IT guy who's building a junk airplane. 17 year old's flying dream (via Afrigadget) This posting includes an audio/video/photo media file: Download Now |
Posted: 04 Jan 2011 04:04 PM PST |
Posted: 04 Jan 2011 04:09 PM PST |
Posted: 04 Jan 2011 04:06 PM PST |
Game Sharp shooter alley : 30/05/2011 Posted: 04 Jan 2011 04:09 PM PST |
Posted: 04 Jan 2011 03:02 PM PST |
Posted: 04 Jan 2011 03:08 PM PST |
Game Borsuk Quest : 30/05/2011 Posted: 04 Jan 2011 04:04 PM PST |
Posted: 05 Dec 2010 12:03 AM PST |
Game Perfect Balance : 30/05/2011 Posted: 04 Jan 2011 03:07 PM PST |
Posted: 04 Jan 2011 03:06 PM PST |
Game Sky fighters : 30/05/2011 Posted: 04 Jan 2011 04:04 PM PST |
Game Lunar lander : 30/05/2011 Posted: 04 Jan 2011 03:08 PM PST |
Game SAS - Zombie Assault : 30/05/2011 Posted: 05 Dec 2010 12:09 AM PST |
Posted: 04 Jan 2011 04:06 PM PST |
Game Magic square : 30/05/2011 Posted: 04 Jan 2011 03:00 PM PST |
Posted: 04 Jan 2011 03:07 PM PST |
Posted: 05 Dec 2010 12:03 AM PST |
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