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- Molecules, Vol. 17, Pages 3304-3323: Phenolic Concentrations and Antioxidant Properties of Wines Made from North American Grapes Grown in China
- Algorithms, Vol. 5, Pages 113-147: A Semi-Preemptive Computational Service System with Limited Resources and Dynamic Resource Ranking
- Molecules, Vol. 17, Pages 3291-3303: Antiproliferative, Antimicrobial and Apoptosis Inducing Effects of Compounds Isolated from Inula viscosa
- Molecules, Vol. 17, Pages 3277-3290: Antinociceptive and Anti-inflammatory Effects of a Lectin-Like Substance from Clitoria fairchildiana R. Howard Seeds
- A Better Finder Attributes 5.12 - Change file creation and modification dates.. (Shareware)
- Molecules, Vol. 17, Pages 3259-3276: Spectral Properties of Substituted Coumarins in Solution and Polymer Matrices
- Molecules, Vol. 17, Pages 3243-3258: Biodegradability and Biocompatibility Study of Poly(Chitosan-g-lactic Acid) Scaffolds
- Molecules, Vol. 17, Pages 3202-3242: Cancer Chemoprevention by Carotenoids
- IJERPH, Vol. 9, Pages 880-894: Global Access to Safe Water: Accounting for Water Quality and the Resulting Impact on MDG Progress
- Molecules, Vol. 17, Pages 3181-3201: Facile Synthesis and Herbicidal Evaluation of 4H-3,1-Benzoxazin-4-ones and 3H-Quinazolin-4-ones with 2-Phenoxymethyl Substituents
- GDC12: Alone In The Dark Classic Game Postmortem
- Agriculture, Vol. 2, Pages 73-86: Evaluation of Biofertilizers in Irrigated Rice: Effects on Grain Yield at Different Fertilizer Rates
- Molecules, Vol. 17, Pages 3165-3180: Variation in Antioxidant Attributes at Three Ripening Stages of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) Fruit from Different Geographical Regions of Pakistan
- AudioSpeed 1.5 - Alter playback speed of audio and video files.. (Commercial)
- Quick Translate 1.8 - Provides quick access to Google Translate.. (Commercial)
- PhotoLine 17.03 - Powerful image effects processor and transparent gif converter.. (Shareware)
- ChronoSlider 2.0.3 - Manage alarms and timers.. (Commercial)
- OpenGL Extensions Viewer 4.0.5 - Provides info about your OpenGL accelerator.. (Free)
- BackUp Gmail 1.2 - Create a local backup of your Gmail.. (Commercial)
- Safari Prairiefire 1.8.0.3.51 - Helps retire expired Safari bookmarks.. (Shareware)
| Posted: 14 Mar 2012 12:00 AM PDT The characteristics of wine phenolics found in several North American and (for comparison) European grape cultivars grown in China were analyzed. This was done to find non-Vitis vinifera wines with prominent features in order to diversify the kinds of wines. The phenolic richness and antioxidant activity decreased in the order: red > rose > white wines. In the red wines, the American grape 'Cynthiana' had the highest total concentrations of phenols, anthocyanins, flavonols and phenolic acids, as well as antioxidant capacity, followed by the French hybrid 'Chambourcin', the lowest were detected in two European grape varieties, 'Merlot' and 'Cabernet Sauvignon', while the total flavon-3-ols levels were reversed among these red grape cultivars. The highest concentration of stilbenes out of all the wines analyzed was found in the 'Merlot' variety. There were significant differences among wine phenolic compositions between North American and European grape cultivars. The antioxidant activities were significantly related to the concentrations of total phenols (r2 = 0.996), anthocyanins (r2 = 0.984), flavonols (r2 = 0.850) and gallic acid (r2 = 0.797). The prominent features of wine aroma and nutrition could make the American grape wines attractive to consumers. It is therefore necessary to perform further research on cultural practices and wine making involving these grapes. |
| Posted: 14 Mar 2012 12:00 AM PDT In this paper, we integrate a grid system and a wireless network to present a convenient computational service system, called the Semi-Preemptive Computational Service system (SePCS for short), which provides users with a wireless access environment and through which a user can share his/her resources with others. In the SePCS, each node is dynamically given a score based on its CPU level, available memory size, current length of waiting queue, CPU utilization and bandwidth. With the scores, resource nodes are classified into three levels. User requests based on their time constraints are also classified into three types. Resources of higher levels are allocated to more tightly constrained requests so as to increase the total performance of the system. To achieve this, a resource broker with the Semi-Preemptive Algorithm (SPA) is also proposed. When the resource broker cannot find suitable resources for the requests of higher type, it preempts the resource that is now executing a lower type request so that the request of higher type can be executed immediately. The SePCS can be applied to a Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET), users of which can then exploit the convenient mobile network services and the wireless distributed computing. As a result, the performance of the system is higher than that of the tested schemes. |
| Posted: 14 Mar 2012 12:00 AM PDT The antiproliferative and antimicrobial effects of thirteen compounds isolated from Inula viscosa (L.) were tested in this study. The antiproliferative activity was tested against three cell lines using the MTT assay. The microdilution method was used to study the antimicrobial activity against two Gram positive bacteria, two Gram negative bacteria and one fungus. The apoptotic activity was determined using a TUNEL colorimetric assay. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the morphological changes in treated cancer cells and bacteria. Antiproliferative activity was observed in four flavonoids (nepetin, 3,3′-di-O-methylquercetin, hispidulin, and 3-O-methylquercetin). 3,3′-di-O-Methylquercetin and 3-O-methylquercetin showed selective antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 cells, with IC50 values of 10.11 and 11.23 µg/mL, respectively. Both compounds exert their antiproliferative effect by inducing apoptosis as indicted by the presence of DNA fragmentation, nuclear condensation, and formation of apoptotic bodies in treated cancer cells. The antimicrobial effect of Inula viscosa were also noticed in 3,3′-di-O-methylquercetin and 3-O-methyquercetin that inhibited Bacillus cereus at MIC of 62.5 and 125 µg/mL, respectively. Salmonella typhimurium was inhibited by both compounds at MIC of 125 µg/mL. 3,3′-di-O-Methylquercetin induced damage in bacterial cell walls and cytoplasmic membranes. Methylated quercetins isolated from Inula viscosa have improved anticancer and antimicrobial properties compared with other flavonoids and are promising as potential anticancer and antimicrobial agents. |
| Posted: 14 Mar 2012 12:00 AM PDT Lectins are proteins that have the ability to bind specifically and reversibly to carbohydrates and glycoconjugates, without altering the structure of the glycosyl ligand. They are found in organisms such as viruses, plants and humans, and they have been shown to possess important biological activities. The objective of this study was to purify and characterize lectins in the seeds of Clitoria fairchildiana, as well as to verify their biological activities. The results indicated the presence of a lectin (CFAL) in the glutelin acid protein fraction, which agglutinated native rabbit erythrocytes. CFAL was purified by column chromatography ion-exchange, DEAE-Sephacel, which was obtained from a peak of protein retained in the matrix by applying 0.5 M NaCl using the step-wise method. Electrophoretic analysis of this lectin in SDS-PAGE indicated a two band pattern protein molecular mass of approximately 100 and 116 kDa. CFAL proved to be unspecific to all carbohydrates/glycoconjugates in common use for the sugar inhibition test. This lectin showed no significant cytotoxicity to human red blood cells. It was observed that CFAL has anti-inflammatory activity in the paw edema induced by carrageenan model, in which a 64% diminution in edema was observed. Antinociceptive effects were observed for CFAL in the abdominal writhing test (induced by acetic acid), in which increasing doses of the lectin caused reduction in the number of contortions by up to 72%. It was concluded that the purified and characterized lectin from the seeds of Clitoria fairchildiana has anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity, and is not cytotoxic to human erythrocytes. |
| A Better Finder Attributes 5.12 - Change file creation and modification dates.. (Shareware) Posted: 14 Mar 2012 02:50 AM PDT  A Better Finder Attributes is the ultimate file tweaking tool for Mac OS X. A Better Finder Attributes 5 combines photo shooting date and file date changing along with a few unique tricks of its own. Change EXIF Timestamps at Will A Better Finder Attributes 5 allows you to manipulate JPEG, CR2, NEF, ARF CRW and CIFF EXIF timestamps at will by setting them to specific times or batch adjusting them by adding and removing time (useful for correcting the timestamps of images taken with a digital camera with a incorrectly set clock and to compensate for timezone changes). Correct Finder Sorting for JPEG EXIF and RAW Photo A Better Finder Attributes 5 also allows to synchronize the file creation and modification dates with the shooting dates of JPEG EXIF as well as a wide variety of RAW formats, so that files sort properly in the Finder and other systems. Total File and Folder Creation and Modification Date Control A Better Finder Attributes 5 gives you total control over file creation and modification dates, setting them to specific times and dates, adding or removing time or simply removing them altogether. More File Magic On top of these features, A Better Finder Attributes 5 gives you control over:
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| Posted: 14 Mar 2012 12:00 AM PDT The absorption and fluorescence spectra of substituted coumarins (2-oxo-2H-chromenes) were investigated in solvents and in polymer matrices. The substitutions involved were: (1) by groups with varying electron donating ability such as CH3, OCH3 and N(CH3)2, mainly, but not exclusively, in positions 7 and (2), by either CHO or 4-PhNHCONHN=CH- in position 3. While the spectra of non-substituted coumarin-3-carbaldehyde has absorptions at approximately 305 and 350 nm, substitution at position 7 leads to remarkable changes in the shape of the absorption spectrum and shifts the absorption to a longer wavelength. Similarly, the replacement of the formyl group with a semicarbazide group substantially influences the shape of the absorption spectrum, and coumarins which have only N(CH3)2 in position 7 experience small changes. These changes are associated with the increasing intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) character and increasing conjugation length of the chromophoric system, respectively, in the studied molecules. The fluorescence is almost negligible for derivatives which have H in this position. With increasing electron donating ability, and the possibility of a positive mesomeric (+M) effect of the substituent in position 7 of the coumarin moiety, the fluorescence increases, and this increase is most intense when N(CH3)2 substitutes in this position, for both 3-substituted derivatives. Spectral measurements of the studied coumarins in polymer matrices revealed that the absorption and fluorescence maxima lay within the maxima for solvents, and that coumarins yield more intense fluorescence in polymer matrices than when they are in solution. The quantum yield of derivatives which have a dimethylamino group in position 7 in polymer matrices approaches 1, and the fluorescence lifetime is within the range of 0.5–4 ns. The high quantum yield of 7-dimethylamino derivatives qualifies them as laser dyes which have kF higher than knr in the given medium. This is caused by stiffening of the coumarin structure in polar polymer matrices, such as PMMA and PVC, due to higher micro-viscosity than in solution and intermolecular dipole-dipole interaction between chromophore (dopant) and matrix. |
| Posted: 14 Mar 2012 12:00 AM PDT A biodegradable, biocompatible poly(chitosan-g-lactic acid) (PCLA) scaffold was prepared and evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The PCLA scaffold was obtained by grafting lactic acid (LA) onto the amino groups on chitosan (CS) without a catalyst. The PCLA scaffolds were characterized by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The biodegradabilty was determined by mass loss in vitro, and degradation in vivo as a function of feed ratio of LA/CS. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) culture experiments and histological examination were performed to evaluate the PCLA scaffolds' biocompatibility. The results indicated that PCLA was promising for tissue engineering application. |
| Molecules, Vol. 17, Pages 3202-3242: Cancer Chemoprevention by Carotenoids Posted: 14 Mar 2012 12:00 AM PDT Carotenoids are natural fat-soluble pigments that provide bright coloration to plants and animals. Dietary intake of carotenoids is inversely associated with the risk of a variety of cancers in different tissues. Preclinical studies have shown that some carotenoids have potent antitumor effects both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting potential preventive and/or therapeutic roles for the compounds. Since chemoprevention is one of the most important strategies in the control of cancer development, molecular mechanism-based cancer chemoprevention using carotenoids seems to be an attractive approach. Various carotenoids, such as β-carotene, a-carotene, lycopene, lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, fucoxanthin, canthaxanthin and astaxanthin, have been proven to have anti-carcinogenic activity in several tissues, although high doses of β-carotene failed to exhibit chemopreventive activity in clinical trials. In this review, cancer prevention using carotenoids are reviewed and the possible mechanisms of action are described. |
| Posted: 14 Mar 2012 12:00 AM PDT Monitoring of progress towards the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) drinking water target relies on classification of water sources as "improved" or "unimproved" as an indicator for water safety. We adjust the current Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) estimate by accounting for microbial water quality and sanitary risk using the only-nationally representative water quality data currently available, that from the WHO and UNICEF "Rapid Assessment of Drinking Water Quality". A principal components analysis (PCA) of national environmental and development indicators was used to create models that predicted, for most countries, the proportions of piped and of other-improved water supplies that are faecally contaminated; and of these sources, the proportions that lack basic sanitary protection against contamination. We estimate that 1.8 billion people (28% of the global population) used unsafe water in 2010. The 2010 JMP estimate is that 783 million people (11%) use unimproved sources. Our estimates revise the 1990 baseline from 23% to 37%, and the target from 12% to 18%, resulting in a shortfall of 10% of the global population towards the MDG target in 2010. In contrast, using the indicator "use of an improved source" suggests that the MDG target for drinking-water has already been achieved. We estimate that an additional 1.2 billion (18%) use water from sources or systems with significant sanitary risks. While our estimate is imprecise, the magnitude of the estimate and the health and development implications suggest that greater attention is needed to better understand and manage drinking water safety. |
| Posted: 14 Mar 2012 12:00 AM PDT Series of 4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-ones and 3H-quinazolin-4-ones with phenoxy-methyl substituents were rationally designed and easily synthesized via one-pot N-acylation/ring closure reactions of anthranilic acids with 2-phenoxyacetyl chlorides to yield the 4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-ones, and subsequently substituted with amino derivatives to obtain the 3H-quinazolin-4-ones. The herbicidal evaluation was performed on the model plants barnyard grass (a monocotyledon) and rape (a dicotyledon), and most of the title compounds displayed high levels of phytotoxicity. The active substructure and inhibitory phenotype analysis indicated that these compounds could be attributed to the class of plant hormone inhibitors. A docking study of several representative compounds with the hormone receptor TIR1 revealed an appreciable conformational match in the active site, implicating these compounds are potential lead hits targeting this receptor. |
| GDC12: Alone In The Dark Classic Game Postmortem Posted: 13 Mar 2012 06:41 PM PDT Frederick Raynal discusses the early development of this seminal survival Horror classic.
Read and Post Comments | Get the full article at GameSpot "GDC12: Alone In The Dark Classic Game Postmortem" was posted by Tyler on Tue, 13 Mar 2012 18:41:01 -0700 |
| Posted: 14 Mar 2012 12:00 AM PDT Biofertilizers are becoming increasingly popular in many countries and for many crops, but very few studies on their effect on grain yield have been conducted in rice. Therefore, we evaluated three different biofertilizers (based on Azospirillum, Trichoderma, or unidentified rhizobacteria) in the Philippines during four cropping seasons between 2009 and 2011, using four different fertilizer rates (100% of the recommended rate [RR], 50% RR, 25% RR, and no fertilizer as Control). The experiments were conducted under fully irrigated conditions in a typical lowland rice environment. Significant yield increases due to biofertilizer use were observed in all experimental seasons with the exception of the 2008/09 DS. However, the effect on rice grain yield varied between biofertilizers, seasons, and fertilizer treatments. In relative terms, the seasonal yield increase across fertilizer treatments was between 5% and 18% for the best biofertilizer (Azospirillum-based), but went up to 24% in individual treatments. Absolute grain yield increases due to biofertilizer were usually below 0.5 t·ha−1, corresponding to an estimated additional N uptake of less than 7.5 kg N ha−1. The biofertilizer effect on yield did not significantly interact with the inorganic fertilizer rate used but the best effects on grain yield were achieved at low to medium fertilizer rates. Nevertheless, positive effects of the biofertilizers even occurred at grain yields up to 5 t·ha−1. However, the trends in our results seem to indicate that biofertilizers might be most helpful in rainfed environments with limited inorganic fertilizer input. However, for use in these target environments, biofertilizers need to be evaluated under conditions with abiotic stresses typical of such systems such as drought, soil acidity, or low soil fertility. |
| Posted: 14 Mar 2012 12:00 AM PDT The present investigation was carried out to appraise the levels of total phenols and vitamin C as well as antioxidant potential at three different ripening stages (un-ripe, semi-ripe and fully-ripe) of guava (Psidium guajava L.) fruit collected from three different geographical regions of Pakistan (Islamabad, Faisalabad and Bhakkar). The antioxidant potential of guava fruit extracts was assessed by means of different in-vitro antioxidant assays, namely inhibition of peroxidation in linoleic acid system, reducing power and radical scavenging capability. Overall, fruit at the un-ripe stage (G1) exhibited the highest levels of TPC, TFC, reducing power and DPPH radical scavenging activity, followed by the semi-ripe (G2) and fully-ripe (G3) stages. On the other hand, vitamin C content increased as the fruit maturity progressed, with highest value seen at the fully-ripe stage (G3) followed by the semi-ripe (G2) and un-ripe stage (G1). The concentration of vitamin C in fruits varied as: Faisalabad (136.4–247.9 mg 100 g−1), Islamabad (89.7–149.7 mg 100 g−1) and Bhakkar (73.1–129.5 mg 100 g−1). The results showed that different stages of maturation and geographical locations had profound effects on the antioxidant activity and vitamin C contents of guava fruit. |
| AudioSpeed 1.5 - Alter playback speed of audio and video files.. (Commercial) Posted: 14 Mar 2012 01:15 AM PDT  AudioSpeed allows you to alter the playback speed of audio (and video) files, and independently or in addition alter the pitch rate. Ideal for learning tricky passages of music or vocals, as it will adjust the playback speed without altering the pitch, if you don't adjust the pitch slider. AudioSpeed has a large range of features, allowing you to adjust the playback speed and pitch exactly as you want, and to specify a loop section to repeatedly hear the adjusted audio. Key features include:
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| Quick Translate 1.8 - Provides quick access to Google Translate.. (Commercial) Posted: 14 Mar 2012 01:17 AM PDT  Quick Translate is a simple, accessible application used to quickly translate text using Google Translate. Version 1.8:
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| PhotoLine 17.03 - Powerful image effects processor and transparent gif converter.. (Shareware) Posted: 14 Mar 2012 01:11 AM PDT  PhotoLine is an imaging processing software, image browser, layout program, vector editor, batchconverter and web editor with many functions. It is available as 32/64 bit application.The imaging functions fully supports Lab, CMYK, 16 bit per channel, ICC profiles and raw data of digital cameras. It offers all tools you need: Painting, cloning, filtering, blending and flood fill, special effects like squirl, shadow, glowing, distorb, morphing, 3d projection. Working layers, clipping layers, dynamic layer effects. EXIF digital camera data and IPTC data are supported. Multiple undo/redo levels, plugin filters and much more. Support for many picture formats. The image browser shows your image folders, you can copy, add/remove folders, show image information, ... Create empty sheets of paper, place your images, text, vector graphics on it. Great text functions like text flow along vector graphics, around or inside layers and from one page to another. Poster and Label printing. Save and read your PDF-files with PhotoLine. Create your vector graphics, add, remove, move vector points. Convert lines to beziers, fill with pattern, ... PhotoLine has an action recorder. You can record your jobs and use the batch converter to do this jobs on all images of a folder.Do all your work for the web with PhotoLine. Transparent and animated GIFs, animatimations, JPEG2000, HD-Photo, Flash format (swf). Create animated buttons, image maps, html overviews, ... |
| ChronoSlider 2.0.3 - Manage alarms and timers.. (Commercial) Posted: 14 Mar 2012 01:13 AM PDT  ChronoSlider is a nice tiny tool to help you manage alarms, timers and reminders with a unique user interface. Define a global hotkey and set an alarm or timer with only two mouse clicks. You choose the alarm time and a predefined alarm message with sliding your mouse across the screen. Features:
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| OpenGL Extensions Viewer 4.0.5 - Provides info about your OpenGL accelerator.. (Free) Posted: 14 Mar 2012 01:19 AM PDT  OpenGL Extensions Viewer provides info about your OpenGL accelerator. Many OpenGL extensions, as well as extensions to related APIs like GLU, GLX, and WGL, have been defined by vendors and groups of vendors. The extension registry is maintained by SGI and contains specifications for all known extensions, written as modifications to the appropriate specification documents. The registry also defines naming conventions, guidelines for creating new extensions and writing suitable extension specifications, and other related documentation. This program displays the vendor name, the version implemented, the renderer name and the extensions of the current OpenGL 3D accelerator. If you have an Internet connection, you can retrieve from SGI the extensions specifications that explain the available extensions.
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